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The Journal of Special Education
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Case Studies of Effects of Artificial Food Colors On Hyperactivity

Carl Spring, Ph.D.

University of California, Davis

Joyce Vermeersch, Ph.D.

University of California, Davis

Dale Blunden, M.A.

University of California, Davis

Harold Sterling, MD.

University of California, Davis

The double-blind, double-crossover study tested Feingold's hypothesis that synthetic food colors cause hyperactivity in some children. Each of 6 hyperactive boys constituted a single-subject experiment. All subjects were on the Feingold diet eliminating artificial colors and flavors. All mothers claimed the diet had been effective. Subjects were challenged twice, for 3-day periods, with synthetic colors introduced in cookies eaten on challenge days. Identically appearing and tasting cookies containing no synthetics were eaten on control days. Data analyses suggested that 1 of the 6 subjects responded with hyperactive behavior to the challenge cookies. This result, however, was not duplicated in a replication study. Results from other diet challenges were reviewed. The authors conclude that evidence for Feingold's hypothesis is weak.

The Journal of Special Education, Vol. 15, No. 3, 361-372 (1981)
DOI: 10.1177/002246698101500307
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Home page
 J Learn DisabilHome page
K. A. Kavale and S. R. Forness
Hyperactivity and Diet Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of the Feingold Hypothesis
J Learn Disabil, June 1, 1983; 16(6): 324 - 330.
[Abstract] [PDF]